Psalm 119:1-64 This extravagant psalm is the longest chapter in the Bible; 176 verses or lines of poetry, all arranged in an acrostic in which each letter of the Hebrew alphabet (22 in number) begins eight verses of poetry. It was designed to teach the supreme importance of God's word and impress this upon the memory and thinking of each and every believer who recited it. v. 1 undefiled blameless in the way derek (Heb.) road or path. For the psalmist, the life of faith is a way. The word for "way" reappears 12 more times in this psalm (v. 3). The men and women of the early Christian church were called followers of "the way" (Acts 9:2; 18:25-26; 19:23; 22:4; 24:14). Who walk halak (Heb.) Life with God is a journey (1 John 1:7). Law torah (Heb.) instruction v. 2 whole heart an undivided focus upon God as the center of life and action v. 3 They also do no iniquity The godly man or woman does not live in sin. v. 4 precepts The first synonym for torah. v. 5 statutes Another synonym for torah. v. 6 commandments The Hebrew word (in singular form) is mitzvah, familiar to even non-Jews in the name of the coming-of-age ceremony, the Bar Mitzvah, in which a Jewish boy takes the first step to manhood and becomes a "son of the commandment." v. 7 uprightness of heart honestly and without hypocrisy righteous judgments mishpat (Heb.) ordinances v. 9 a young man In the ancient Hebrew tradition of Wisdom, a na'ar or lad needs instruction on how to live; hence the connection with torah (God's instruction). cleanse his way 'orach (Heb.) live his life on God's "path" taking heed patterning one's life v. 10 With my whole heart I have sought You Wholeheartedness is the key to walking on God's path, unlike the double-souled man of James 1:8. wander Again, the picture is of a path, which the careless or thoughtless can stray from. v. 11 word 'imrah (Heb.) utterance or speech; i.e. the active and living communication of God. 'imrah is a favorite of the poet; he uses it a total of 19 times in this psalm. That I might not sin against You live a life that does not offend God's character v. 13 With my lips I have declared There is a proper spiritual movement from learning to speaking or teaching. All the judgments of Your mouth All the decisions that God pronounces. v. 14 I have rejoiced in the way of Your testimonies Note again the conjunction of "way" and "testimony" (yet another synonym for the Word of God). v. 15 meditate talk (also to oneself) contemplate focus on v. 17 keep Your word observe Your Word v. 18 Open galah (Heb.) also means to discover wondrous things marvelous truths v. 19 I am a stranger in the earth The Bible teaches that the believer is a sojourner, a "resident alien" in the world, living a transient life, exposed to dangers and discrimination. Do not hide Your commandments from me Only God's instruction can guide us safely through such an obstacle course. v. 21 You rebuke the proudThe cursed, who stray from Your commandments God speaks out against the arrogant, those who wander from the path of His instruction for life. v. 22 Remove from me reproach and contempt the contempt of the arrogant pictured in the previous verse v. 23 Princes also sit and speak against me Ps. 1:1 v. 24 my delight my enjoyment my counselors men of my counsel (Heb.) v. 25 soul nephesh (Heb.) innermost being clings to the dust faced with death revive me give me new life v. 26 I have declared retold or recounted v. 27 Your precepts Your "decrees" v. 28 heaviness anguished grief or sorrow; the image is of wax melting before a flame v. 29 the way of lying the other path; the way of deception and falsehood, of appearance rather than reality and grant me Your law graciously Better translated, "Through Your instruction give me grace." v. 30 I have chosen the way of truth in contrast to the "way of lying" from the previous verse Your judgments I have laid before me Through a conscious decision the psalmist has set his mind upon God's Word. v. 32 course derek (Heb.) way or path for You shall enlarge my heart give me true understanding v. 33 Teach me Hebrew verse, like most other poetry, uses sound patterns to connect ideas and statements together. Associations are formed in the brain when words and phrases sound like previously used terms. (This is why poetry, like music, really needs to be heard.) The Hebrew form of the verb that begins this verse ("teach") is horeni; it sounds like the word for "law/instruction" (torah); so the connotation is: "teach me / ‘instruct' me in the way of your statutes." I shall keep it to the end probably in the sense of "certainly keep it" v. 34 understanding biyn (Heb.) prudent discernment I shall observe it with my whole heart Wholeheartedness is the mark of a person whose attention is focused upon knowing and obeying God. v. 35 Make me walk "Walk" is the verbal form of derek ("way" or "path"). "Walk me on the path" would be a more exact translation. Admittedly, this sounds a little strange in English, but we do have expressions such as: "Please walk me through the process step-by-step." v. 36 Incline my heart "turn" or "bend" my heart in the right direction; the inner work of the Holy Spirit in His battle against our flesh (Gal. 5:17) covetousness a preoccupation with selfish personal gain or profit v. 37 Worthless things shawv (Heb.) worthless content, emptiness revive me give me new energy v. 39 reproach public dishonor and disgrace v. 40 Behold The second half of this verse again articulates the poet's desire for a fresh input of God's energy into his life; hence re-vival and re-vive v. 41 mercies Note the plural form; the word refers to specific and multiple acts of kindness on God's part. Note also the parallelism between "mercies" and "salvation." v. 42 him who reproaches me Or, the enemy who taunts me. This verse has the tone of appealing to God for help against specific foes. v. 43 And take not the word of truth utterly out of my mouth Utterly probably means "in any way" or "to any degree." v. 45 And I will walk at liberty literally, "I will walk in a wide-open place"; in freedom and security (see Ps. 118:5-6 study notes) v. 46 kings those at the top of the social and power hierarchy v. 48 My hands also I will lift up In a posture of prayer; traditionally, prayer was done standing with raised arms. v. 49 Remember the word to Your servant the specific promises and covenant commitments God has made to His people in general and the psalmist in particular v. 50 Your word has given me life this is the united testimony of all of God's people through the ages v. 51 The proud In Hebrew thinking, those who do not follow God's commandments and go their own way are the "proud." v. 53 Indignation The translation tones down the original Hebrew considerably: "burning rage" is a better choice. v. 54 Your statutes have been my songs The Word of God, sung by His people. In the house of my pilgrimage the biblical view is that our physical bodies are "dwellings" or "tents" on our journey through life and beyond (2 Cor. 5:1; 2 Peter 1:13) v. 56 This The Name of God from v. 55. We "take possession" of our relationship to God and our spiritual heritage by faith. v. 57 portion share or inheritance v. 58 I entreated Your favor with my whole heart "My" is lacking in Hebrew; better translated, "with a whole (i.e. undivided) heart. v. 61 The cords of the wicked as a prisoner bound with ropes v. 63 companion chaver (Heb.) friend |