Ezekiel 17:1-19:14 v. 2 a riddle – chiydah (Heb.) a puzzle, a trick, conundrum, dark saying, hard question, proverb parable – mashal (Heb.) a pithy proverb, usually of metaphorical nature; a simile (In this context: a metaphorical story) house of Israel – This phrase refers to the entire family of the God's people of promise descended from Jacob whose name God changed to Israel (Gen. 32:28). Jacob was the father of the 12 patriarchs of the tribes of Israel (Acts 7:8). 3 a great eagle – In this parable the first great eagle is allegorically representing Nebuchadnezzar who took Israel into captivity (v. 12) The second eagle, mentioned in verse seven, represents Egypt. Lebanon – allegorical for Jerusalem in this parable (v. 12) cedar the highest branch – Lebanon was famous for its high quality cedar trees. In this parable the highest branch of cedar represents the royalty of Jerusalem (v. 12). v. 4 cropped off its topmost young twig – symbolic here of the King of Babylon taking the King of Israel's offspring (v. 13) a land of trade…city of merchants – Babylon v. 5 seed – referring to Zedekiah, son of Josiah (2 Kings 23-24). planted it in a fertile field – The King of Babylon made Zedekiah a vassal king (2 Kings 24:17). abundant waters – More than enough water to provide growth and health. A possible reference to Tigris and Euphrates or merely speaking of the plentiful and prosperous environment of Babylon. like a willow tree – A tree that thrives and grows quickly when plenty of water is provided. v. 6 a spreading vine of low stature – No longer a tall cedar, Israel had been brought low but still alive and thriving. Its branches turned toward him – An allegorical depiction of the people of Israel dependent upon the king of Babylon (v. 14). put forth shoots – Though replanted in the foreign land of Babylon, Israel continued to grow and multiply. v. 7 another great eagle – Egypt (v. 15) this vine bent its roots…stretched its branches toward him – Israel violated its covenant with Babylon and looked to Egypt for help (v. 15). garden terrace – Matta` (Heb.) a place of planting, plantation, vineyard. Speaking of the well-cared-for surroundings of the vine of Israel now in Babylon. v. 8 planted in good soil by many waters – The prosperous land of Babylon. majestic vine – a splendid and flourishing plant v. 9 Will he not pull up its roots – The King of Babylon (the great eagle of verses 3 and 12) should rightfully destroy the majestic plant (Israel, v. 8) which he provided and cared for because it turned to another great eagle (Egypt, v. 7, 15). no great power or many people – It won't take a great army to destroy and uproot Israel. v. 10 east wind – The hot, dry wind which withers all vegetation (19:12) Here symbolic of Nebuchadnezzar and his Babylonian forces. v. 12 rebellious house – A major theme in this book. God sent Ezekiel to preach to Israel who had a long history of rebellion against all authority (2:3). the king of Babylon – Nebuchadnezzar, represented by the first great eagle of this parable (v. 3) Jerusalem – the capitol and royal city of Israel represented in this parable by Lebanon (v. 3) v. 13 the king's offspring – Zedekiah, son of King Josiah (2 Kings 23-24) made a covenant with him – Nebuchadnezzar made a covenant with vassal king Zedekiah and made him swear an oath of allegiance (2 Kings 24:17). v. 15 Can he break a covenant and still be delivered? – The point of this verse and chapter is that the rebellious house of Israel not only rebelled against the Lord and therefore was sent into captivity, but they then rebelled against the king whose hands God delivered Israel into. v. 16 As I live – A common biblical way of swearing a solemn oath assuring its fulfillment. This phrase is spoken by the Lord 16 times in the book of Ezekiel (Num. 14:21, Is. 49:18; Jer. 22:24; Rom. 14:11). in the midst of Babylon he shall die – Because vassal King Zedekiah violated his oath to Nebuchadnezzar King of Babylon, Zedekiah would die in Babylon. v. 17 Nor will Pharaoh with his mighty…do anything in the war – Egypt's attempt to rescues Israel from Babylon would fail (2 Kings 24:7). v. 19 My oath…despised…My covenant…broke – The Lord Himself calls Israel's disregard of her covenant with Babylon as a despising of a covenant that God Himself had established since Israel's captivity in Babylon was God's judgment upon Israel (Jer. 27). v. 20 treason – Israel's rebellion against Babylon was considered by God as a rebellion against His chastening hand. v. 21 his fugitives –Israel's fleeing troops I, the LORD, have spoken – An absolute assurance that this judgment will come to pass (Num. 23:19). v. 22 the highest branches of the high cedar – A "Messianic" promise. God will some day take from the royal line of David and personally establish the future Messiah. a high and prominent mountain – Zion, Jerusalem. Jerusalem is "high and prominent" not necessarily in geographical elevation but in importance before God. v. 23 birds of every sort – Symbolic of the diverse nations of the world who will some day seek shelter under the Messiah's reign (Matt. 13:32). v. 24 all the trees of the field – A figure of speech representing all the nations of the world in this Messianic prophecy (Is. 55:12,13). Ezekiel 18 v. 2 proverb concerning the land of Israel – The following saying was frequently applied to Israel. The fathers have eaten sour grapes, And the children's teeth are set on edge – The basic meaning of this proverb is that the children suffer because of the parent's poor choices and sinful actions. v. 3 As I live – A common biblical way of swearing a solemn oath assuring its fulfillment (Num. 14:21; Is. 49:18; Jer. 22:24; Rom. 14:11). v. 4 souls – nephesh (Heb.) creature, living being, life, self, person soul who sins shall die – The main thrust of this statement in this context is that God will directly punish the sinner rather than the sinner's offspring. v. 5 just – tsaddiyq (Heb.) lawful, righteous v. 6 eaten on the mountains – A reference to eating meat sacrificed to idols on the shrines and high places (Eze. 6:3, 4; Hosea 4:13). idols of the house of Israel – Israel had become a place filled with a great variety of offensive idols. Many Hebrew people would seek help and guidance from these idols rather than God in violation to God's Law (Lev. 19:4; 26:1, 30). defiled his neighbor's wife – To commit adultery. A clear violation of God's Law (Ex. 20:14; Lev. 20:10; Deut. 5:18). Nor approached a woman during her impurity – To have sex with a woman during her menstrual period was forbidden by the Law of Moses (Lev. 20:18). v. 7 oppressed – yanah (Heb.) To suppress, treat violently, maltreat, vex, do wrong. A reference here to the rich taking advantage of the poor. restored to the debtor his pledge – To give back a possession to a person who gave it in a good faith loan. A good example from today's culture would be to return an item that had been "pawned" in a pawnshop after proper payment had been made for it. Robbed no one…given…covered – More obvious pictures of the actions of a just and righteous person. v. 8 not exacted usury – To make loans at interest. The Law of Moses forbade the charging of interest when lending to a fellow Hebrew (Deut. 23:19, 20). Nor taken any increase – to make profit from charging interest to the poor (Ex. 22:25; Lev. 25:35-37) iniquity – evel (Heb.) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong true judgment – In this context, to properly treat all men equally without prejudice of any kind. This was another principle of the Law of Moses (Lev. 19:15, 35; Deut. 1:16, 17; Prov. 31:8, 9; Is. 1:17). v. 9 walked – a lifestyle statutes – chuqqah (Heb.) something appointed, custom, manner, or ordinance judgments – mishpat (Heb.) justice, ordinance, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) just – tsaddiyq (Heb.) lawful, righteous. v. 10 If he begets a son who is – In context God is contrasting a righteous man who has an unrighteous son and does all the evil that his father did not do. Begets – yalad (Heb.) bear, bring forth (children, young), bring up v. 12 abomination – tow`ebah (Heb.) a morally disgusting or detestable thing v. 13 His blood shall be upon him – A biblical way of saying the punishment of his guilt will come upon him (Lev. 20:9, 11, 12, 16, 27). v. 17 He shall not die for the iniquity of his father – The point of this chapter. A righteous son or daughter will not be punished for the sins of his or her evil parents, nor shall an unrighteous son or daughter be exonerated from their sins because of the righteousness of his or her parents. v. 20 The soul who sins shall die – The main thrust of this statement is that God will directly punish the sinner rather than the sinner's offspring (v. 4) v. 21 wicked – rasha` (Heb.) morally wrong, guilty one, criminal statutes – chuqqah (Heb.) something appointed, custom, manner, or ordinance v. 22 transgressions – pesha (Heb.) rebellion, sin, trespass, breach of trust righteousness – tsedaqah (Heb.) honesty, justice, right acts v. 27 preserves himself alive – He will save his own life. v. 30 judge – punish Repent – shuwb (Heb.) to return, turn back v. 31 Cast away – shalak (Heb.) to throw out, down or away. new heart and a new spirit – God desires a work of transformation in their heart to take away the hardness against Him. (Repeated and developed in ch 36:26-32) Cp. Ps 51:10. Ezekiel 19 v. 1 princes of Israel – Israel's political leaders v. 2 What is your mother? A lioness – Allegorical language speaking of the origin of the princes of Israel. The Lioness could possibly allude to Jerusalem or the tribe of Judah whose banner was the lion. young lions – allegorically referring to the rulers of Israel keeping company with other strong and healthy rulers v. 3 one of her cubs – This is a reference to wicked King Jehoahaz who reined in Jerusalem only three months but in that time adopted oppressive policies and devoured men (2 Kings 23:31-34). v. 4 the land of Egypt – Referred to as Shallum here, Jehoahaz died in captivity in Egypt (Jer. 22:11, 12). v. 5 another of her cubs – Allegorically speaking of wicked king Jehoiachin raised up after Jehoahaz. Jehoiachin was conquered and taken captive to Babylon (v. 9). King Jehoiachin reigned only three months and was then taken into captivity to Babylon in 597 BC (2 Kings 24:8-12). v. 7 laid waste their cities – Jehoiachin wrought havoc in Israel until he was conquered and brought into captivity by Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon (v. 8-9). v. 9 a cage with chains… Babylon – Jehoiachin was imprisoned in Babylon for 37 years. v. 10 like a vine in your bloodline – A parallel parable to verses 2-9. Israel has often been portrayed by God as a vine (Eze. 15:2-8, 17:6; Is. 5:1-4; Matt. 21:33-41). fruitful and full…many waters – Israel was well provided for and carefully nurtured by the Lord. v. 11 scepters – shebet (Heb.) A rod used for fighting or punishment; staff, branch, offshoot, or club. At times, this word was even used to describe a tribe (Gen. 49:16). She towered in stature – The kingdom of Israel once stood out head and shoulders above the rest of the kingdoms. v. 12 east wind – Referring to the fury of Nebuchadnezzar and his army conquering Israel (17:10). v. 13 the wilderness – Babylon, compared to the Promised Land, seemed like a barren region to Israel. v. 14 Fire – God's wrath against Zedekiah who rebelled against God's chastening in the captivity of Babylon (2 Kings 24:20). |